Incinerating-furnace



(No Model.) 2VSheets--Sheet 1.

H; s. FIR-MAN. INGINBBATING FURNAGE.'

No. 296,322. Pagani-,Qa Apr. 8, 1884..

2 Sheets-#Sheet 2.

(No Mdel.)

H. s. PIRMAN. INGINERAT-ING FURNACE.

Patented Apr. l8, 1.884.

Eff/Venar :i

Y Unirse Srnrns Farrar HENRY S. FIRMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. lY., ASSIGNOR TOTHE UNIVERSAL CONOENIBATING COMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

lNClNERATlNG-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,322, dated April 8,1884. Application filed May 3,1893. (No model.)

lb @ZZ whom, it may con/cern:

Be it known that I, HENRY S. FIRMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the State of New York, have invented vcertainnew and useful Improvements in Caleining or Incinerating Furnaces, ofwhich the following is a s peciication.

My invention relates to improvements more particularly on furnacesadapted for the recovery of soda-ash or similar materials in solut-ion.

ber to the igniting-chamber inthe rear.

y improved furnace consists of three distinct sectionsthe fire-chamber,an ignitingfurnace in rear of this, and a calcining or incineratingfurnace. The fire-chamber is provided with a pendent bridge or curtainnear its front end or'center, and between the curtain and the front Wallof the furnace I place a flue. leading from the front of the fire-cham-The back of the dre-chamber is provided with 'a vertical series oftrays, over which the material to be calcined is adapted to iioW in itspassage to the igniting-chamber. The front wall and hearth of theignitingchamber are preferably made of refractory firebriclr. To theback of the ignitingchamber is situated the-final calciningchamber,ofthe construction hereinafter more particularly specified.

In order that my invention may be more fully understood, I will proceedto describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is an axial section of the improved furnace. Fig. 2 is atransverse section of the fire-chamber on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3-is a transverse section of the calcining-furnace on the line 3 3, Fig.1.

flhe body of iny furnace, 1, is preferably of brick, as shown. Vithinthe bricked portion are included two chambers of the furnacethere-chamber 2 and the igniting-chamber 3. The grate is shown at 4,ash-pit at 5, and door at 6. At each side of the fire-chamber I locatethree escapelues, 7, which unite on each side at top in dues S S, whichlead to the back of the furnace, where they unite and disch arge at thestack or a flue, 9. Stretching midway of the furnace and dividing itinto two chan1- bers is a partition, 10, of refractory material.

in the front portion of the lire-chamber to dedect fresh air entering atthe door 6 into the flue 17 at the top ofthe furnace. This flue leadscentrally between the side flues, 8, back into the igniting-chamber anddischarges its contents of heated and nearly pure air onto the top ofthe heated material lying on the lhearth 15. Ihc heated products ofcombustion issuing from the fare-chamber through passage 18 will, whenfed by the oxygen from the iiue 17, rapidly ignite the sap and otherorganic matter on the hearth 15. If at any time it be desired to cut offthe supply of air passing through ue 17, the damper 2S at the entrancethereof may be employed.

In practice the iiues 7 are employed merely in starting the combustionin the furnace. l/Vhen the iire is Well under way, they are closed andthe damper 27 opened and nearly all the products of combustion throwninto the rear chambers of the furnace. The steam or vapor generatedfromthe water which I constantly keep in the ash-pit, being decomposedby the intense'heat from the chamber in the first section of thefurnace, evolves hydrogen gas. This combining with the oxygen suppliedby flue 17 forms an oxyhydrogen flame of great heat. In conjunctionwith, or instead of this arrangement, I may employ in some cases a blasttoassist the combustion in the furnace. From the igniting-chamber theburning material is shoveled or discharged by suitable means onto thetight hearth 19 of a reversible or revolving furnace, 20. This consistsof an elongated box or casing, square or circular in cross-section,supported by ways 21 on rollers or Wheels 22.

Stretched' from end to end of this furnace are two open hearths, 22 23,held to place by a brace, 24, and having stretched between them alsuitable sifter or screen, 25. A series of doors, 26, arranged alongthe lower edge of the furnace, allows the discharge of the completelyfinished material.

vIn some cases, instead of the calcining-furnace being placedhorizontally, as shown, and arranged to discharge 'at the side throughthe doors 26, it may be inclined downwardly from the igniting-hearth insuch manner that the rotation of the furnace itself shall continuouslycarry the material forward and discharge it completely incinerated atits lower end.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The alkaline or othersolution, already partially evaporated, having been conducted or pumpedinto the tank 13, is led therefrom by pipe l2 into the uppermost of thetrays 11, whence it flows gradually onto the hearth of the furnace 8,becoming ignited inits passage. Here the products of combustion, issuingin a highly-heated state through passage 18, impinge against thehydro-oxygen blast from iiue 17, and being deflected downward still morethoroughly ignite the sap and other organic matter of the material onthe hearth. The now freely burning material is shoveled or otherwiseconducted onto the tight hearth 19 of furnace 20, where the calciningprocess is continued and completed, as follows: rllhe furnace beingturned in the direction of the ar row, by power or hand through suitablemechanism, the material, gravitating as the furnace turns, will atlength reach and rest upon the open hearth 22. The furnace, beingallowed to rest for a time in this position until the burning becomesless free, is then turned further, throwing the material through thebreaking-sifter 25 onto the second open hearth, 23,

where the burning will recommence with re- A newed force. The rotationof the furnace is continued till the organic matter is nearly or quiteburned out.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A calcining-furnace formed of contiguous chambers, substantially ashereinbefore described, which consists, rst, of a fire-chamber, then anigniting-hearth at the rear end of said fire-chamber, and, nally, acalciningchamber at the rear of the igniting-hearth, whereby thematerial is subjected to a furnaceheat gradually diminishing inintensity from the point of admission to the point of delivery, as andfor the purposes set forth.

2. A calcining--furnace consisting of a stationary fire-chamber, astationary ignitinghearth, and a revolving calcining-chamber, allarranged and adapted to graduate the intensity of the furnace-heat froma maximum at the point of admission to a minimum at the point ofdelivery, substantially as shown, and for the purposes set forth.

3. A calcining-furnace formed of contiguous chambers, substantially asherein described, which consist of a fire-box and igniting-hearth,located in such positions relatively to each other as to cause theproducts of combustion to be discharged through the material during itsdescent, and a calcining-chamber located at the rear of theigniting-hearth, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. A calcining-furnaee having a suitable supply-tank connect ed with aseries of evaporating-trays located in the fire-chamber, and adapted toeffect a partial evaporation of the material during its `descent to theincinerationhearth, as set forth.

5. The combination of fire-chamber having at back suitableheating-trays, igniting-hearth to the rear of the nre-chamber, and aflue for leading pure or nearly pure air in a heated state onto theigniting-hearth, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of nre-chamber having the pendent curtain near itsfront, the igniting-hearth to the rear of the fire-chamber, and the flueleading from the front of the rechamber and discharging pure or nearlypure' H. S. FIRMAN.

Vitnesses:

H. E. KNIGHT, L. M. HorKiNs.

IOO

